If you need to calculate the exact size rather than using the table (for example, if the earth cable is a different material than the phase cable, or if fault current is unusually high), use the :

Earth wires buried directly in the soil often require a minimum of 16mm² or 25mm² to account for corrosion and mechanical stress, regardless of the circuit load.

Would you like a printable chart or help calculating earth size using the adiabatic equation for a specific fault current level?

The size of an earth cable is primarily determined by the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the phase (live) conductors and the protective device rating of the circuit. Proper sizing ensures the conductor can safely carry fault currents to the ground without melting before the circuit protection (like a fuse or MCB) trips. Standard Earth Cable Size Selection