relies on a feature called "Device Encryption," but it is severely limited. It often requires a Microsoft account and specific hardware support, and the key is often stored in the cloud (OneDrive).
Here is a deep dive into why the version you choose dictates your relationship with your computer.
While both versions can be used to initiate a remote session, only Windows Pro can be the "host." If you need to access your powerful office desktop from a lightweight laptop while traveling, you need Pro. Assigned Access
This is the heavy hitter for Pro users. If your laptop is ever stolen, BitLocker encrypts your entire hard drive so no one can access your files without your recovery key. Home users get basic device encryption, but BitLocker offers much more granular control. Windows Information Protection (WIP)
Windows Home is for users who want to use the computer. Windows Pro is for users who want to own it. For the price of a single AAA game, upgrading to Pro buys you the most expensive luxury in modern computing: Control.