Astm C128 12 Verified Jun 2026

| Term | Definition | |------|-------------| | | Ratio of the density of the aggregate to the density of water at a stated temperature (typically 23.0°C ± 1.7°C). | | Bulk Specific Gravity (Dry) | Based on the total volume of the aggregate, including both permeable and impermeable voids. | | Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) | Based on the total volume, but the mass includes water in the permeable pores (surface dry). | | Apparent Specific Gravity | Based on the volume of the solid material only (excluding permeable voids). | | Absorption | The amount of water required to bring the aggregate to an SSD condition, relative to the oven-dry mass. |

$$Absorption (%) = \fracS - AA \times 100$$ astm c128 12

Determining the exact moment when the surface of the sand is dry but the internal pores are still saturated is the most technical part of the test. Technicians use a : | Term | Definition | |------|-------------| | |

According to Section 13 of C128-12:

$$G_sb = \fracAB - C$$

The test methods outlined in ASTM C128-12 are crucial for evaluating the properties of hydraulic cement. The density of hydraulic cement affects its workability, strength, and durability. A higher density cement may indicate a higher compressive strength, but it may also increase the risk of shrinkage and cracking. Water absorption is a critical parameter, as excessive water absorption can lead to reduced durability and increased risk of damage from environmental factors. Air content, on the other hand, affects the cement's workability, freeze-thaw resistance, and susceptibility to corrosion. | | Apparent Specific Gravity | Based on