: Some kittens are born with "imperforate puncta," where the opening to the tear duct never formed.
The most common indicator of a blocked duct is chronic wetness around the eyes. Because feline tears contain iron-rich pigments called porphyrins, they often leave behind a distinctive on the fur. Other signs include: Constant dampness or "weeping" from one or both eyes.
Tear duct blockages can stem from a variety of structural, infectious, and environmental factors: 1. Breed Anatomy (Brachycephaly) Lacrimal Duct Obstruction in Cats | VCA Animal Hospitals cat blocked tear duct
Acquired causes are more variable and include:
Congenital NLDO in brachycephalic cats carries a guarded to fair prognosis; many respond temporarily to flushing but require repeated procedures. Acquired obstructions from infection or trauma have a good prognosis if the underlying cause is treated early. Neoplastic obstructions carry a poor prognosis due to the underlying malignancy. : Some kittens are born with "imperforate puncta,"
Congenital NLDO is most frequently observed in brachycephalic breeds such as Persians, Himalayans, and Exotic Shorthairs. Due to their flattened facial conformation, the nasolacrimal duct may be compressed, narrowed, or fail to develop a patent distal opening (functional imperforate punctum). In some kittens, the puncta may be anatomically absent (atresia).
Feline Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: An Overview A blocked tear duct in cats, medically known as nasolacrimal duct obstruction, is a condition where the normal drainage path for tears is hindered. In a healthy eye, tears lubricate the surface and then drain through small openings called puncta into the nasolacrimal duct, which leads to the nose and throat. When this system fails, it results in , or an overflow of tears down the face. Symptoms and Clinical Signs Other signs include: Constant dampness or "weeping" from
The feline nasolacrimal system begins at the superior and inferior puncta, small openings located on the upper and lower eyelids at the medial canthus (inner corner of the eye). These puncta lead into the canaliculi, which converge to form the lacrimal sac. From the lacrimal sac, the nasolacrimal duct descends through the bony lacrimal canal and empties into the nasal vestibule. Unlike in dogs, the feline duct typically has a narrower lumen and a more tortuous course, making it potentially more susceptible to complete obstruction. The distal opening (nasal punctum) is located approximately 2–5 mm inside the nostril on the floor of the nasal vestibule.
For cats prone to tear staining (especially flat-faced breeds), regular gentle cleaning of the eye area with a warm, damp cloth can help prevent skin infections. However, if the discharge changes color (to yellow or green) or if the eye seems painful, veterinary attention is required immediately.
Reddish-brown or rust-colored staining of the fur beneath the inner corners of the eyes. This discoloration occurs when porphyrins—iron-rich molecules naturally present in cat tears—oxidize upon contact with air.